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Scientific Reasoning in Ancient India
Ancient Indians possessed great knowledge and applied them for the benefit of community in all areas of human development. In fact several inventions and discoveries believed to have originated from the Western world have been studied centuries earlier by our ancestors. For instance, it is widely believed that Christopher Columbus was the first person to discover that the Earth was round, during his voyages, somewhere around 1500 A.D. In 499 A.D. D., famous Indian Astronomer Aryabhatta defined the shape of the Earth in his work `Aryabhateeyam’ [Chapter 4-6], as follows: Mrujjalashikhivaayumayo Bhoogola: sarvatho vruttha:[Meaning: Earth which is made of soil, water, fire and air is circular when viewed from all sides. i.e., The Earth is spherical]. Thousands of years before Columbus, our scriptures such as the Vedas, Puranas and Ithihaasaas used the term `Bhoogola’ for the Earth. `Bhoo’ means Earth and `Gola’ means `sphere’. Our ancestors wrote elaborate treatises on Astronomy, Warfare, Geometry, Medicine, etc. Many of the mathematical and scientific explanations given by our ancestors can be proved using current methods. Following is one such. During Aryabhatta’s time [around 500AD], our ancestors evinced keen interest in motion of bodies [Sir Isaac Newton gained fame since his discovery of the principle of gravity, but Bhaskaracharya II talked about gravity much before Newton]. Aryabhatta’s treatise, Aryabhateeyam [2-31] contains many theorems of motion one of which goes thus: Bhakthe vilomavivare gathiyogenaanulomavivare dvow
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—About our writer: P R Guruprasad is a K-12 school Principal in Chennai, India. He likes writing for children when he finds time. |
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